The Twinning Workshop on Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) was held at the Crowne Plaza Galleria Manila Hotel, Philippines, from 18 to 21 May 2009. The workshop was co-organized by PEMSEA and the Korea Maritime Institute (KMI)/PEMSEA Twinning Secretariat, supported by the Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs (MLTM) of Republic of Korea, and hosted by Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) of the Philippines. The Workshop was attended by participants from Indonesia, People’s Republic of China, and the Philippines. Resource persons for the workshop were from RO Korea and the United States. Representatives from the United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) and United States Agency for International Development (USAID) were also invited as observers. The workshop aimed to: 1) share good practices and challenges on Integrated River Basin and Coastal Area Management (IRBCAM); and 2) develop TMDL capacity among IRBCAM sites as a means of strengthening pollution reduction planning and implementation.

The National Workshop for Local Governments Implementing ICM in China aimed to provide a venue for the ICM parallel sites in China: (a) to share their progress, plans and needs for ICM program development and implementation and environmental investments; and (b) to learn about the experiences, tools and approaches for capacity development, institutional arrangements, monitoring and environmental investments of other partners. The workshop was held at the Xiamen Golden Sands Gulf Hotel, Xiamen, PR China, from 10-11 November 2008. The workshop was co-organized by the State Oceanic Administration (SOA) of China, the Municipal Government of Xiamen and PEMSEA.

The Third Twinning Workshop on Ecosystem-based Management of Interrelated River Basins, Estuaries and Coastal Seas was held at the New World Astor Hotel, Tianjin, PR China, from 17 to 19 October 2007. The State Oceanic Administration of PR China hosted the Workshop. The theme of the Workshop was “Policy Reform, Sustainable Financing and Investment for Pollution Reduction in the East Asian Seas.” It aimed to help participants formulate and implement innovative policies and programs targeting sustainable financing and investment for pollution reduction. The Workshop included participants from Cambodia, Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, Indonesia, Japan, People’s Republic of China, Philippines, Republic of Korea, Vietnam and the USA.

The National Forum on Sustainable Development of Coastal and Marine Resources and the National Consultation Workshop on the Implementation of the Sustainable Development Strategy for the Seas of East Asia (SDS-SEA) was held in Hanoi, Vietnam, on 29-31 March 2006. The National Forum was held to assess issues on the marine and coastal environment; to provide a forum for stocktaking of coastal management initiatives and achievements in Vietnam, and to identify priority needs, concerns and requirements of the stakeholders in sustainable coastal and marine development. The program of activities consisted of three major sessions, i.e., the national state of the coast reporting, stocktaking of integrated coastal management (ICM) related initiatives in Vietnam and national implementation of the SDS-SEA. The forum was attended by about 90 participants representing several central and local government agencies including provincial Department of Natural Resources and Environment (DONRE) offices; academic and research institutions; international non-government organizations (NGOs), and the media.

The Workshop on Ecosystem-Based Management of Interrelated River Basins, Estuaries and Coastal Seas was held at Hotel Riviera, Masan, Republic of Korea, from 01 to 03 June 2005. The workshop was co-organized by PEMSEA and the Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries (MOMAF) of RO Korea. The workshop aimed to identify major challenges to ecosystem-based management of interrelated river basins, estuaries and coastal seas; review Proceedings of the Workshop on Ecosystem-Based Management of Interrelated River Basins, Estuaries and Coastal Seas experiences and lessons learned from the practices; and outline response strategies and mode of implementation for the Seas of East Asia region. The workshop was attended by experts and professionals from the People’s Republic of China, Japan, Indonesia, Philippines, Republic of Korea, Wetlands International Malaysia, NOWPAP and PEMSEA Regional Programme Office. Representatives from local NGOs, media, academe, environmental groups and other institutions in RO Korea were also involved.

The Fourth Forum of the Regional Network of Local Governments (RNLG) implementing Integrated Coastal Management or ICM was organized by the GEF/UNDP/IMO Regional Programme for Partnerships in Environmental Management for the Seas of East Asia (PEMSEA), jointly with the Ministry of Environment of Indonesia, and hosted by the Bali Provincial Government of Indonesia. The RNLG Forum was held at the INNA Grand Bali Beach Hotel in Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia, on 26 – 28 April 2005. The Forum was designed on the theme of “Building Better Coastal Governance through Stronger Local Alliance”, aiming at consolidating lessons learned from ICM implementation, formulating strategies for sustaining ICM practices, and transforming the existing regional network of local governments into a self-sustaining, local government-driven one. Special focus was also given to the issue of coastal hazard management. Strategies for enhancing local capacity and institutional framework as well as raising public awareness for effectively addressing coastal hazards were identified within the context of ICM. Ninety-five participants from ten countries of the East Asian Seas region as well as two countries outside of the Region and UNEP/GPA, attended the Forum.

The Meeting, held from 16-18 May 2005 in Metro Manila, Philippines, was convened to formulate the PEMSEA Partnership Agreement and the Partnership Operating Arrangements on the transformation of PEMSEA into a self-sustaining regional implementing mechanism for the SDS-SEA.

The 4th Subregional Meeting of the Gulf of Thailand Project Task Team was held at the Montien Riverside Hotel, Bangkok, Thailand, from 2 to 4 February 2005. The Marine Department, Ministry of Transportation, Royal Government of Thailand hosted the Meeting. The PEMSEA Gulf of Thailand (GOT) project aims to build capacity in combating sea-based sources of marine pollution, particularly in promoting the partnership among the countries of the subregion in oil spill preparedness and response. Building on the progress made since the 3rd Subregional Project Task Team (PTT) Meeting in July 2004, this Meeting was expected to provide guidance to further strengthen project implementation, with special focus on the development of a multilateral cooperative framework in oil spill preparedness and response in the subregion. The Meeting was attended by delegates from Cambodia, Thailand and Vietnam, observers from East Asia Response Pte Ltd (EARL), ECOTHAI Consultants Co. Ltd (ECOTHAI) and Oil Industry Environment Safety Group (IESG), and PEMSEA RPO staff.

On 12 December 2003, the Seas of East Asia region adopted a common framework for the environmental management and protection of its shared seas. The historic event was capped by ceremonial signing of the Ministerial Declaration on Regional Cooperation on the Sustainable Development of the Seas of East Asia by the honorable ministers and officials from PEMSEA countries—Brunei, Cambodia, China, Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, Philippines, Republic of Korea, Singapore, Thailand and Vietnam—before a gathering of distinguished guests from various governments, research institutions and international organizations. The Declaration embodies the commitment of the countries to adhere to and implement the Sustainable Development Strategy for the Seas of East Asia (SDS-SEA), which formally brings together national and stakeholder efforts under a collaborative platform for partnerships to implement commitments made under international agreements pertaining to coasts and oceans, including the recommendations from the World Summit for Sustainable Development (WSSD), Millennium Development Goals (MDG) and Agenda 21. This paper revisits the approaches and processes undertaken to generate the regional consensus needed to develop the SDS-SEA. Working on existing information documents, it chronicles the outcomes of several consultations conducted, particularly during the 1st Senior Government Officials’ Meeting and the 9th Programme Steering Committee in Pattaya, Thailand, the final national review by PEMSEA countries and the feedback from various stakeholders on the SDS-SEA.