This publication summarizes the results of one of the workshops held during the East Asian Seas Congress 2009 on Addressing Food Security through Sustainable Aquaculture. The Workshop on Addressing Food Security through Sustainable Aquaculture was coconvened by the Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources – Philippines, Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations – Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific (FAO-RAP), and the Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center – Aquaculture Department (SEAFDEC/AQD). The Pusan National University/Asia-Pacific Phycology Association (APPA) and the University of the Philippines – Marine Science Institute (UP- MSI) also provided technical support to the workshop. The workshop was chaired by Prof. Mohamed Shariff of Universiti Putra Malaysia and was co-chaired by Dr. Jose Ingles of the University of the Philippines in the Visayas. Dr. Rogelio Juliano of the Coastal Management Center, Mr. Mike Phillips of the WorldFish Center, Dr. Jobert Toledo of SEAFDEC, and Mr. Miao Weimin of FAO-RAP acted as panelists during the panel discussion on Ways Forward: Mainstreaming Aquaculture in a Sustainable Development Context. This workshop, which had a total of 12 presentations, aimed to: (1) identify the contribution of aquaculture in food security and alleviation of poverty; (2) outline good practices in sustainable aquaculture production; (3) showcase small-scale aquaculture applications and practices and access to low-cost aquaculture technologies; (4) identify means to address emerging and potential issues and concerns (e.g., social, economic, political, environmental) related to the development of aquaculture; and (5) identify means of integrating aquaculture development into the ICM framework.

This publication summarizes the results of one of the workshops held during the East Asian Seas Congress 2009 on Making Mainstreaming Work: Driving National Action to Address Marine and Coastal Challenges. During the Second Intergovernmental Review of the Global Programme of Action for the Protection of the Marine Environment from Land-based Activities (GPA), held in Beijing in October 2006 the Governments asked the UNEP/GPA Coordination Office to provide assistance to countries in assessing how the conservation of marine and coastal ecosystems contributes to poverty alleviation and the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). The UNEP/GPA Coordination Office was also requested to support countries in mainstreaming the sustainable development of oceans and coasts into international development frameworks and national planning and budgetary processes. In response to this call, the UNEP/GPA Coordination Office has developed an Analytical Framework, Guidelines and Checklist for the Mainstreaming of Marine and Coastal Issues into National Planning and Budgetary Processes, and organized a series of regional meetings to promote this approach. The workshop aimed to contribute to the understanding of how to reconcile development pressures with protection objectives. The sharing of experiences will seek to provide answers to a number of questions namely; what a policy should contain, what policy choices a nation can afford and how to foster collaboration with various organs of the government and other non-state stakeholders to ensure sustainable management of our coastal and marine ecosystems as a contribution to poverty alleviation and the achievement of the MDGs. During the workshop, speakers from Asia, Africa and Wider Caribbean explored the links between the management of coastal and marine resources, poverty reduction and economic growth, based on their country experiences, with a particular focus on policy development and implementation processes. Countries that have embarked on the development of a coherent policy framework to address these challenges shared their mainstreaming experiences. The Chair, Mr. David Osborn, facilitated open interactions among presenters and the audience to seek clarity and promote dialogues to identify and highlight critical success factors for effective mainstreaming in the context of different political and governance systems, and to develop a plan of action to assist countries in their efforts on mainstreaming coastal and marine issues into national planning and budgetary processes.

This publication summarizes the results of one of the workshops held during the East Asian Seas Congress 2009 on Land and Sea Use Zoning: Challenges and Opportunities. The session at the International Conference aimed to facilitate a sharing of ideas and strategies on how existing zoning plans can be strengthened and effectively enforced at the local level. It aimed to answer the following: How can local governments zone for climate change? Can land and sea-use zoning scheme be used as a market-based instrument for managing coastal and marine areas? How are local governments effectively implementing land and sea-use zoning?

This publication summarizes the results of one of the workshops held during the East Asian Seas Congress 2009 on Innovative Policies and Practices in Water Supply, Sanitation and Pollution. This workshop aimed to showcase new and innovative policies, practices, and financing approaches, and promote enhanced public-private partnership for pollution reduction. Dr. Magda Lovei of the World Bank and Mr. Ned Clarence-Smith of UNIDO chaired and co-chaired this workshop.

This publication summarizes the results of one of the workshops held during the East Asian Seas Congress 2009 on the Future Role of Fisheries in an Urbanized World. This workshop tackles the issues that have been ailing the fisheries sector and how it is impacting the sustainability of fisheries resources in the context of ensuring food security. Providing seafood for consumers, in a time when the resources have been severely depleted, and where ecosystems have been altered (in most places, irreparably), had remained a fisheries management’s dilemma. Attempts to solve fish problems within the sector have proved difficult in most cases. With other problems arising external to the sector, but having a negative impact as well, fisheries management is anything but an easy walk in the park. It is in fact complex if not mind boggling. This publication attempts to thread the information and several perspectives from the workshop, distill some lessons and link fisheries management to PEMSEA’s advocacy of an integrated approach to ocean and coastal governance.

This publication summarizes the results of one of the workshops held during the East Asian Seas Congress 2009 on the Contributions of Marine Economic Sectors to Regional and National GDP in an Uncertain Climate. The economic contribution of marine activities is considered to be an increasingly important part of the economy and international trade within and across East Asian Seas (EAS) countries. Given the archipelagic nature of the South East Asian economies and the rapid development of coastal and marine areas in the EAS economies, it appears that the approaches to most of the national economic and development plans are still land-based. How will these marine economic sectors continue to contribute sustainably to regional and national GDPs at these levels, as the impacts of climate change shape the economics of the region in the coming century? With countries forecasting further development of their marine sectors, the challenging question is not only how countries will achieve their planned objectives, but also how they can ensure that such development will serve as an enabling vehicle for sustainable development, uplifting of the quality of life, addressing the current issues of mitigation and adaptation policies and strategies in response to climate change, and the movement of populations from rural hinterlands to the coasts.

This publication summarizes the results of one of the workshops held during the East Asian Seas Congress 2009 on Indigenous Approaches to Habitat Protection and Restoration: Experiences in Sato-umi and other Community Initiatives. The workshop aimed to: (1) share information on community-based innovative approaches and good practices on habitat prevention, restoration and management initiatives applying low-cost technologies; (2) identify and distill lessons from specific case studies; and (3) examine how such local community initiatives can be further developed, packaged and extended within and across jurisdictional boundaries. The workshop focused on introducing case studies on indigenous knowledge and innovative low-cost technology with respect to the protection, restoration and management of key habitats and on analyzing sato-umi and sato-yama as a community-driven working model for integrated management from mountain to sea.

This publication summarizes the results of one of the workshops held during the East Asian Seas Congress 2009 on Livelihood Management and Sustainable Coastal Tourism. Tourism is a major contributor to the GDP and employment of the South East Asian countries. In the Philippines the tourism industry is projected to have a direct output exceeding US$ 5 billion, generating an additional 200,000 jobs by the end of the decade. But are the revenues in tourism accruing and creating livelihood among the coastal communities? Is coastal tourism a sustainable source of income for local coastal communities? In what ways are the private and public sectors collaborating to ensure the sustainability of coastal tourism initiatives? In the light of climate change and its challenges, can coastal tourism be sustained as a source of livelihood for coastal communities? These are only some of the questions that the Livelihood and Sustainable Coastal Management workshop aims to answer.

As a follow-on workshop on the Discussion Group Meeting on Capacity Development on Coastal and Ocean Governance held in 2006 and the Xiamen meeting, this meeting/workshop focused on the recent initiatives undertaken related to capacity development in the region. The discussions included:

Efforts to maximize regional intellectual capital towards coastal and ocean development;
Short-term training initiatives and the development of curriculum towards ocean and coastal governance;
Contribution of regional and international initiatives in promoting capacity development;
and Human resource requirements of the region and available services.

The workshop attempted to answer the following questions and concerns:

Have we met the demands of training and education in coastal and ocean governance in East Asia?
Are the current initiatives sufficient enough to address capacity needs?
What are the current opportunities for short-term training and degree-granting education?
A "matching exercise" of articulated training needs of the countries in the region vis-à-vis available supply provider
Way forward: Packaging trainings so that donors can readily come in.

The workshop was able to draw in a wider set of participants representing a bigger set of perspectives in providing capacity building in ocean and coastal governance. The participants came from United Nations agencies, international development initiatives, research institutions, international NGOs, donor (ASEAN) as well as representatives from local and national governments, the academe and learning centers in the ASEAN countries (Cambodia, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Vietnam) participating in PEMSEA activities particularly from PEMSEA's Learning Centers and those recommended by national governments who responded to the PEMSEA-initiated "Survey of the Demand and Supply of Human Resources for Integrated Coastal Management (ICM) for the East Asian Seas Region." A total of 42 participated in the Workshop (eight were supported by the ASEAN Foundation while others were supported by other donors).